Valve for cake-forming presses



R. A. TRACE. VALVE FOR CAKE FORMING PRESSES.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 25. 1921.

Patented Sept. 12., 1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

INVENTOR.

A TTORNE YS.

R. A. TRACEl vALvE FOR CAKE E'oRMlNG PRESSES. APPLICATION FILED APR. 25| 1921.

1,428,99, PatentedSept. 1 2, 1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2 Hg. Z 77 34.

YNVENTOR ATTORNEY R. A. TRACE.

VALVE FOR CAKE FORMING PRES/SES.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 25, 19'2/1.

Patented Sept. 12, 1922.

NETE@ OFFME.

RUSSELL A. TRACE, OF DAYTON, OHEO, ASSIGNOR T0 BUCKEYE IRON & BRASS WORKS, Olli'4 DAYTON, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

VALVE FOR CAKE-FORlYIING PRESSES.

Application filed April 25, 1921. Serial No. 464,230.

To @ZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, RUSSELL A. TRACE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Dayton7 in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio7 have invented certain new and use- Yful improvements in Valves for Cake-Forming Presses7 oi' which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

My invention relates to :tormers and in particular to cake forming presses for forming into cakes oil bearing material.

The object oi my invention is to provide a press which will utilize a low pressure for the major portion of its operations and ifor the final step in pressing will utilize very high pressure. It is an object ot' my invention to provide a 'lormer which will not automatically bring into play the high pressure when the initial load momentarily throws a greater load upon the operating mechanism than it customarily carries during the low pressure period.

` It is a further object of my invention to provide means for relieving any back pressure due to confined air or liquid behind the main operating piston which converts the supply from the low pressure to high pressure.

It is a further object oi my invention to prevent any baclr pressure from the high pressure line into the low pressure line when the high pressure is brought into play. It is my object to provide a valve mechanism which may be readily cleaned without being completely taken apart and which may be adjusted in any particular part without disturbing the remainder of the mechanism.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1, is a side elevation or". my improved former;

Fig. 2, is a section of the valve mechanism;

Fig. 3, is a top plan view of the valve mechanism;

Fig. 4l, is an end view ot the valve mechanism looking at it 'from the lei't hand side oi Figure 2;

Fig. 5, is a bottom view of the high pressure valve member;

Fig. 6, is a side elevation oi the high pressure valve member;

Fig. 7, is a side elevation ot the low pres sure line sealing member.

In detail the drawings show the ollow ing; 1 is a base upon which the former rests, having a -supporting` casting 2 supporting the charging cylinder 3 and the charging box l. This charging cylinder is supplied with iluid through the pipe 5 to move the charging hopper 4l in the le'i't hand direction and is supplied with fluid through the pipe 6 to move the piston in the cylinder 3 and the charging hopper 4l to the right hand. 7 is the valve controlling the delivery or liquid to the cylinder 3, and 8 is the lever that controls the valve.

ln the present invention this is of' no partlcular moment and is merely described .in order to provide a complete disclosure ot' machinery of this character.

9 is a Yforming boX of the usual character that'is mounted upon a piston 10 in the cylinder 11 to which fluid from` the valve casing 12 is delivered in any well known manner in presses of this character. 13 is the operating handle pivoted at 14 to the frame oi? the mechanism. 15 is the low pressure inlet pipe in which is a valve member 16 that is adapted to be lifted to admit low pressure fluid when the lever 13 is lifted. The pipe 17 conveys the low pressure iiuid past the check valve 18 into the casing 12 at 19. 20 is the eXit valve which, when depressed by the lever 13, opens up the valve 21 and permits the liuid to maire its eXit through the pipe 23 from the opening just behind the pipe at 24 to the outside through the pipe 22. 25 is the high pressure line which communicates with the valve casing 12 to deliver high pressure fluid to the valve mechanism and to the press automatically. Both high pressure and low pressure fluid are delivered from the valve casing to the pipe 26 to the base of the press at 27.

Referring to Figure 2, in the casing 12 communicating with the inlet low pressure port 19 is a passage way 28 that communicates with a valve chamber 29 in which there moves a valve member 30 having an enlarged portion 31 and a stem 32. The stem travels in a cylindrical cutaway area 33 in a plug 34; which constitutes one end of the chamber 29. This chamber 29 communicates with a passage way 35 which in turn communicates with a passage way 36. 36 has at one end thereoi1 a shoulder 37 against which seats the head 38 of a valve member 39. This valve member 39 is guided in a collar 40 in which it lits loosely. 38 is normally maintained in engagement with 37 by the coil spring 41 seated in the cylindrical apei'ture 42 of the plug 43. 40 is equipped with a number of apertures 44 for a purpose hereinafter described. 45 are cutaway portions or grooves in 39 for the passage of fluid for a purpose to be described. The passage way 36 communicates with this valve chamber 46 that in turn communicates with the passage way 47. 47 communica-tes with thevmain exit passage way 48 and the eXit pipe 26. 48 communicates with the highpressure outlet passage way 49 which in turn communicates with the outlet vpassage Way 5@ in which travels the stenrl of the piston 52. The rod 51-travels through awasher 53 and a bushing or plug l54. It has a ring or washer 55 engaging withthe Lwalls of the cylindrical chamber 56 in ywhich it travels. Thiswasher is vmaintained o'ni52 by the'washer 57 `and nut 58 threaded on-onc end of rod 51. 51=at 59 has a portion of its length decreased -in diameter. One end of 59 rests against the end 60 of the high gpressure valve 61. The shoulder 62 of this high pressure valve is seated against a corresponding shoulder63 in the casing adjlac'ent the endofthe passage Way 50. This high pressure valve 61 has a plurality of cutaway portions or grooves 64. Itis loosely guidedby the casing 65 that has afplurality of apertures 66 iny the base thereof. The valve member 61 is held against its seat by a helical spring 67, whichis located in a cylindrical aperture 68 of the plug69.

rlhe chamber 56 communicates with the chamber 29 by avpassage way 70.

Th'eplugs 71, 72,' 73 and 74 are not essentialto' the constructiombut are merely placed Vin the block 12 to seal'the openings communicating with the exterior of the various aalssafre wa s which are form'edbv the drills l e .V

'utilized in manufacturing this valve block 12. The block may be cast or formed in any suitable way.

75 is a passage way communicating with the cylindrical area 76 behind 52 to permit of the eXit of any confined air or liquids and thus readily permit of the movement of 52 without being retarded by such confined gases or liquids. 77 is a plug which when removed permitsV of the removal of 52 and its accompanying parts or the adjustment of those parts.

Method of operation. Low pressure fluid of450 to 50() pounds is admitted through 19. l/Vhen the press is initially started aback pressure will be set `up of greater than 450 to 500 pounds due to the inertia of the'various parts of the press.

considerable pressure. 1n some instances it has been found that suoli back pressure will have the effect to trip the valve 62 as hereinafter explained and admit the high pressure prematurely.

To avoid this possibility I have provided the valve'30 around which the oil or fluid of the low pressure typemust pass on its way through 35 to 36 with a shoulder 31 that substantially seals the passage way during the initial stages of ldie admission of oil and the parts arebeing initially moved. This prevents any rush of oil into the passage way 70 and into the cylindrical area-56 behind 52 which might operate it. As soon as the first movement of the pressing` boX has taken pl acc this danger' is obviated and the-oil can rflow in behind 52 at 56 through 70 and be maintained at its constant pressure of 450 to 500 pounds. The low pressure oil will 1t y will then pass through 36, depress 38 and 39, pass into 46 -to 47 ,48 and out 26 to the press.

rlhe press is moved upwardly to meet the pressing head 78 with the meal to be 'formed at 79 until the resistance to further compression of the meal becomes such that the back pressure exceeds 500 pounds or some predetermined pressure. flien this predetermined pressure has been reached theback pressurefthrough 26, 48, 47, 46, 36, 35, 29, 70 and in 56 behind 52 is great enough on the area exposed in 56 of 52 to overcome the high pressure upon the valve member 61, then 52 will'move downwardly because of the differential areas o'i 52 'and 61 and the differences in relative pressures thereon moving 61 to an open position off of its seat 63 and admitting ,high pressure of from 4,000 to 5.000 pounds through the inlet port 25, 50, 49, to 48, and thence through 26 to the press for the inal forming operation. This high pressure also serves to seat 38 on 37 as the high pressure oil accumulates behind 39 and passes through the apertures 44 and up through the passage ways 45 against the shoulder 80 of 38. This prevents the back pressure from going -in the low pressure liquids which may be between 52 and the 125 bottom of the cylindrical passage way 56l in which it travels. I have found this a very effective means for insuring positive operation of this ii'iechanism.

While I have shown and described. cer- 130 tain eatures as constituting my invention, it Willbe understood that parts have been shown for purposesof illustration only, and that I do not desire to be limited ro such details, as obvious modiications Will occur to a person skilled in the art.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. In a former, an inlet valve, an outlet valve, means for actuating said valves, means for cutting off a 10W pressure supply at a predetermined point, means for preventing back pressure from prematurely cutting off the lovv pressure supply, and means 'for applying high pressure to the former head.

2. In a former, an inlet valve, an outlet valve, means tor actuating said valves, means for cutting otlE a loW pressure supply at a predetermined point, means for preventing back pressure from prematurely cutting olf the low pressure supply, means for applying high pressure to the lformer head, and means to prevent said last mentioned means Ylroin failing to operate due to back pressures oit liquids or gases adjacent thereto.

3. In a former, a low pressure inlet valve, an outlet valve, means for successively actuating said valves at Will, an inlet high pressure valve, means for cutting oii" a low pressure supply at a predetermined pressure, means for preventing said low pressure supply from being cut off prematurely by back pressure in the initial stages of the operation` and means for applying a high pressure to the forming head a'tter the lovv pressure has been applied and cut orf.

4L. In a former, a low pressure inlet valve, an outlet valve, means for successively actua-ting said valves at will, an inlet high pressure valve, means for cutting ofi' a loiv pressure supply at a predetermined pressure, means for preventing said low pressure supply from being ent off prematurely by baclr pressure in the initial stages ot the operation, means Yfor applying a high pressure to the forming head after the lonT pressure has been applied and cut o', and means for preventing the high pressure ap plying means from failing to function due to obstructing gases and liquids.

5. In a former, means for applying Vlow pressure, means for preventing back pressure from the former in the initial stages oi the operation from applying high pressure prematurely, means to apply high. pressure ata predetermined pressure due to the bach pressure 'from the former, means actuated by the high pressure to cut ofi' the loiv pressure supply and to prevent the backing ot the high pressure into the low pressure line, whereby low pressure is applied during a portion oic the operation and high ressure durino' the remainder of the o ieia- D t-ion.

(S. In combination in a valve casing a in? low )ressure inlet low )ressure mssaoe 7 t iva s communicatino' with a main exit passage Way; a main exit passage Way; means in the inlet low pressure passage Way for partially sealing an exit passage Way to a pressure converting valve mechanism to prevent premature operation thereoil by initial back pressure from the former; aA baclr pressure operated convert-ing valve mechanism communicating With the lov7 pressure line to be operated by back pressure therein,

`mechanism and admit high pressure to the former.

7. In combination, in a valve casing, a lo\v 'pressure inlet, lovv pressure passage ways communicating With a main exit passage Way; a main exit passage Way; means in the inlet lovv pressure passage Way tor partially sealing an eXit passage Way to a pressure converting valve mechanism to prevent premature operation thereoi:l by initial back pressure from the 'r'ormer; a back pressure operated converting valve mechanism communicating With the loW pressure line to be operated by back pressure therein, a high pressure valve mechanism adjacent thereto and adapted to be operated thereby, a high pressure inlet passage Way communicating with said high pressure valve and means communicating with the main eXit passage Way, and means operated by the high pressure for sealing the low pressure iine to prevent the entrance thereto or' high pressure after said converting valve mechanism has operated, whereby when the back pressure in the exit line. achieves a predetermined pressure it vvill operate the converting valve mechanism and admit high pressure te the former.

8. In combination, in a valve casing, a low pressure inlet, low pressure passage Ways communicating with a main exit passage ivay; a main exit passage vvay; means in the inlet lovv pressure passage Way for partially sealing an exit passage Way to a pressure converting valve mechanism to prevent premature operation thereof by initial back pressure from the Jformer; a back pressure operated converting valve mechanism coin-- munie-ating with the low pressure line to be operated by back pressure therein, a high pressure valve mechanism adjacent thereto and adapted to be operated thereby, a high pressure inlet passage way communicating with said high pressurefvalve-and means communicating with the main exit passage way, whereby when the back pressure inthe exit lineiachieves a; predetermined pressure it will*y operate the converting valve-mecha nism and admit higlnpressuie to thepformer, and means behind the converting valve mechanism to` permit of theleXit ofiv coniined gasesand liquids adjacent thereto.

9. In combination, in a lvalve* casing, a

low pressure inlet, low pressurepassage ways communicating with ac main exit pas* sage way; a main :exit passageA way;` means inthe inlet low pressure passageway for partially sealing an exit. passagewaytofa pressure converting valve 4mechanism Ito prevent. premature operation thereof by, initial back pressureirom the former;,aback pressure operated converting valve mechanism communicating with the low pressure -line to be operated by back pressure thereima high pressure valve mechanism rafrljacent thereto andadapted tobeioperated thereby, a high pressure inlet passage way com# municating with said high pressure. valve, means communicating with the mainexit passage way, whereby whenthe bach` pressure in the exit line achieves a predetermined pressure lit will operate ,the converting valve mechanism and admit high pressure tothe former, means behind-v tlieconverting valve mechanism topermit of the exit of coniined gases and liquids adjacent thereto, and means for sealing the low pressure lineto prevent .the i entrance thereto of high. pressure after/the conversion tromilow pressure to high pressurelias taken place.

`10. Incombination, avalve casing, an inlet passage way. communicating with an inlet valve chamber, an, inlet valve therein yadapted to sealsaid inlet valve passage way and having a shoulder. thereon to .partially seal. an exit passageway from, said chamber communicating with .a chamber behind a high pressure valve oper-ating mechanism, and an exit passage .way romsaid lirst mentioned chamber communicating with a former, whereby back pressure from the formeris prevented from communie atingy with the second chamber until the former has been initially moved.

l1. In combination, a valve casing, an inlet. passage `way communicating Awith an inlet valve chamber,y an inlet valveI thereinl adapted toseal said.y inlet valve passage way and having a shoulder thereon,y to partially seal an exitpassage way fromE said chamber communicating with a chamber behind a high pressure valve. operating. mechanism, an exit passage way from said irst men` tioned chamber communicating with` a 'foriner, whereby back Ypressure from the tornier is prevented from communicating with the second chamber until the former has operating mechanism, toy

bei'v communicating with. j@he vexit passageway to the formenand means coniiectedto said valve operating mechanism L fory unseatiiigvsaid high pressure valve member when the back pressure onsaid `valve operating mechanism in the .second mentioned chainber shall have reached-a predetermined point. l Y

p12.. In combination, avalve casing, an inletipassage way. communicating with .an inleti valve chamber, an inlet valve `therein adaptedto seal saidinlet;valve-passage way and having a shoulder thereon topartially seal an ex-it'passagelway from said chamber` communicating with chamber behind ahigh pressure vvalve operating mechanism, an exit passage way tromsaid first mentioned chamber communicating withy a former, whereby` back pressure from the former e is prevented from communicating with the second chamber until the former ias been initially moved, a high pressure valve, ahigh pressure chamber communicating with a high pressure `inlet passage way, a high,l pressure Iinlet passage way, said chamber communicating with the exit rvpassage way Atothe former, means connected tofsaid Valve operating mechanism forfunseating saidv high. pressure valve member whenlthe back pressureon. saidvalve operating mechanismr, in` the ,secondo .mentioned chamber shall have reacheda predetermined point, and passage way communicating withthe exterior-of, the valve casing, communicating. with the area behind saidy valve permit of the exit of air and liquids therein. i

18. In combination, a valve casing, aninlet passageway communicating with van inlet valve chamber, an inlet valve therein adaptedito sealsaid inlet valve passage kway and `having a shoulder thereon to partially seal an enit passage way from, said chainber, communicating with a chamber behind a high pressure valve operating. mechanism,

yan exit passage way from saidirst men.

tionedichaniber communicating with a Yoriner, whereby back` pressure frein the former is prevented from.communicating with the second chamber until the Jformer has Vbeen initiallymoved, a high. pressure valve, a high pressure chamber communicating with a. high pressure inlet passage way, a"

said high pressure valve member when the back pressure on said valve operating mechanisin in the second mentionedchamber shall ico have reachedL u predetermined peint, :L passage Way communicating with the exterior of the valve easing, Communicating With the area behind said Valve operating mechanism to permit of the exit of air and liquids therein, a. valve member in the 10W pressure line, means to guide said valve member to seat therein u shoulffler on said valve member whereby the high pressure fluid will seat said valve member to prevent the entrance of the l0 high pressure Huid in the 10W pressure line.

In testimony whereof, I afx my signeture.

RUSSELL A. TRACE. 

